Dwellings
As expected, the great majority of private dwellings are concentrated
in the urban core of Montreal, predominantly in the Arrondissement of
Montreal, and Outremont. A dwelling is defined as the personal living
space for an individual, although that individual may share that space
with others. A single apartment unit is classified as a dwelling, as is
a detached house.
Single family detached dwellings (SFD) make up the great majority of
the house forms outside the urban core. This housing form is predominant
in the West Island, and throughout the rest of the urban and rural fringe.
This type of dwelling is not found in the urban core, with the exception
of some areas of Westmount, where the SFD makes up a larger proportion
than in surrounding areas.
Instead, the urban core is typified by apartment buildings, both under
and over five stories in height. Those apartments under five-stories are
generally catalogued as the Montreal "Triplex" although a wide
variety of apartment forms exist. Certainly, this form of housing allows
for much greater population densities than does the SFD, as is borne out
both by the above dwelling density map, and the population density map
on the previous page.
The Montreal CMA becomes very interesting when comparing household size
over geographical area. The preponderance of single person households
are found in the urban core, constituting in some cases nearly three-quarters
of the dwellings in the area.
Two person households are more evenly distributed through the CMA, although
Kirkland in the centre of the West Island has very few of these types
of households, as does the southern downtown section of Montreal. Two
person households can consist of a partnered relationship or a roommate
situation.
Three person households are extremely rare in the urban core, and are
not markedly apparent until out near the rural fringe. This type of household
might consist of a partnership with a single child, or some other likewise
relationship.
Four and five person relationships are again unheard of in the urban
core, but are far more common in the urban fringe than three person households.
The West Island in particular shows a marked swing from three person households
to four person households.
Six person households are again a West Island phenomenon, accompanied
by the rural fringe. This correlates strongly with the preponderance of
single family swellings and high proportion of children, suggesting that
families may prefer to move out of the high-density environment of the
urban core into the lower density environment of the urban fringe for
child-rearing.
Dwellings become much more spacious away from the urban core, allowing
for larger households to be assembled. The largest dwellings (with the
most rooms) can be found in the West Island, accompanying those dwellings
with 6 or more persons. Multi-roomed dwellings can also be found in the
Westmount area as a large proportion of the urban form.
The West Island has the greatest number of bedrooms per household, particularly
in Baie d'Urfe and Senneville. This is remarkable in that Senneville has
a very low number of multi-person dwellings suggesting a lack of efficency
with regards to use of space. The urban core has a very low number of
bedrooms per dwelling, again correlating with the individual lifestyle
and apartment-type urban form.
Dwelling values are extremely high for the Westmount area, and for Baie
d'Urfe and Senneville. Dwelling values are also extremely high in St.
Leonard and Anjou, and in some areas of Laval and Longueil. This is not
surprising given the preponderance of multi-roomed dwellings in these
areas. However, when comparing value per room, Westmount is staggering
in the differential in cost per room. Purchasing a dwelling in Westmount
requires an enourmous sum of money, and it is unsurprising therefore that
this area correlates with high wage earners.
Another unsurprising correlation is the relationship between apartment
housing types and renters. Some areas of the urban core consist of nearly
100% renters, and this drops off markedly with nearly the same boundaries
as the proportion of apartments in dwelling types. Most renters are in
fact concentrated in the urban core, particularly in Montreal near the
downtown core.
However, it must be recalled that this area also matches up with very
low -income, those earning less than $20,000 per year. The proportion
of those paying more than 30% of their income in rent is extremely high
in the urban core. When noting that the majority of the population is
unemployed or unable to work for some reason this becomes a cause for
concern.
The last map expands on this relationship between high rent and geographic
location by mapping renters who pay more than 30% of their income against
all renters in the area. It can be seen that people who choose to rent,
wherever the location, still pay 30% or more of their income in rent.
This suggests one of two things, either renting is expensive in any location,
or those who rent have very little income to start.
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